The pH scale indicates the kind of ions a solution releases when it breaks down. Acidic solutions possess lots of hydrogen ions and basic solutions possess lots of hydroxide ions. Acidic substances have a pH below 7. Basic substances have a pH above 7. Neutral substances have a pH of 7. When acidic and basic substances interact, a chemical reaction called an acid-base reaction occurs.
Read Aloud: Cool Chemistry Concoctions by Joe Rhatigan
Ingredients:
· ½ cup
Vinegar
· ½ tbl. Baking Soda
· Balloon
· Plastic Bottle
· Funnel
Demonstration:
· Pour ½ cup of vinegar into the plastic
bottle.
· Loosen up the mouth of a balloon by stretching it and then use a
funnel to fill it a little more than half full with baking soda.
· Put the mouth of the balloon all the way over the neck of the plastic
bottle but do not let any baking soda drop into the bottle.
· Lift up the balloon so that the baking soda falls from the balloon
into the plastic bottle.
Experiment:
· Does the size of the bottle affect how much the balloon inflates?
· Can the balloon be inflated to varying degrees by changing the amount of vinegar or baking soda used?
Observations:
When the baking soda (a base) and the vinegar (an acid) interact, an
acid-base reaction occurs and carbon dioxide (a gas) is created. Since gasses
expand, the carbon dioxide fills the bottle and then moves into the balloon which
causes it to inflate.
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